Jumat, 06 Juli 2007

List of highest mountains


List of highest mountains

The following is a list of the world's 100+ highest mountains per height above sea level, all of which are located in Asia. Only those summits are included that, by an objective measure, may be considered individual mountains as opposed to subsidiary peaks.

Contents

Considerations

The dividing line between a mountain with multiple peaks and separate mountains is not always clear (see Highest unclimbed mountain). A popular and intuitive way to distinguish mountains from subsidiary peaks is by their height above the highest saddle connecting it to a higher summit, a measure called topographic prominence or re-ascent (the higher summit is called the "parent peak"). A common definition of a mountain is a summit with 300 m prominence (1,000 ft; also 10 traditional rope lengths). Alternatively, a relative prominence (prominence/height) is used (usually 7-8%) to reflect that in higher mountain ranges everything is on a larger scale. The table below lists the highest 100 summits with at least 500 m prominence, approximating a 7% relative prominence. A drawback of a prominence-based list is that it may exclude well-known or spectacular mountains that happen to be connected via a high ridge to a taller summit, like the Eiger or Nuptse. A few such peaks and mountains with nearly sufficient prominence are included but not numbered in the list.

It is very unlikely that all the heights given are correct to the nearest metre; indeed, problems of definition of sea level can arise when a mountain is remote from the sea. Different sources often differ by many metres, and the heights given below may well differ from those elsewhere in Wikipedia. As an extreme example, Ulugh Muztagh on the north Tibetan Plateau is often listed as 7,723-7,754 m, but appears to be only 6,973-6,987 m. Many mountains in the Karakoram differ by >100 m on different maps, while even extremely thorough current measurements of Mount Everest range from 8,844 to 8,850 m. These discrepancies serve to emphasise the uncertainties in the listed heights.

Though some parts of the world, especially the most mountainous parts, have never been thoroughly mapped, it is unlikely that any mountains this high have been overlooked, also because satellites can be used to measure altitudes of otherwise inaccessible places. Still, heights and/or prominences may be revised, so that the order of the list may change and even "new" mountains could enter the list over time. To be safe, the list has been extended to include all 7,200 m+ peaks.

By convention, when talking about the world's highest mountains, we always measure above sea level. However, the world's tallest mountains could include those from the sea bed itself, such as mountains in Hawaii that arise from sea level. Mauna Kea - rising about 10,200 meters (33,500 feet) from the Pacific Floor, is the world's tallest mountain island.

Geographical distribution

Most mountains in the list are located in the Himalaya and Karakoram ranges, in the border regions of India, China, Pakistan and Nepal. In fact, all 7,000 m peaks in the world are located in Central Asia, in a rectangle edged by Noshaq (7,492 m) on the Afghanistan-Pakistan border in the West, Peak Jengish Chokusu, Tomur Feng) (7,439 m) on the Kyrgyzstan - Xinjiang border to the North, Gongga Shan (Minya Konka) (7,556 m) in Sichuan to the East, and Kabru (7,412 m) on the Sikkim - Nepal border to the South.

The locations of the highest mountains are shown on the composite satellite image of High Asia below. The numbers refer to the ranking in the list. For clarity, lower peaks with labels overlapping higher peaks are left out of the main image. The boxed regions are those with the highest density of summits and are enlarged in two separate images to show all peaks. lnone

Location of peaks in the Hindu Kush and Karakoram
Location of peaks in the Hindu Kush and Karakoram
Location of peaks in the Nepal Himalaya
Location of peaks in the Nepal Himalaya


The list

Rank ↓ Mountain ↓ Height (m)[1] ↓ Height (ft) ↓ Range ↓ Region[2] ↓ Coordinates[3] ↓ Prominence (m)[4] ↓ Parent mountain[5] ↓ First ascent ↓ Ascents[6] (attempts) ↓
1 Mount Everest/
SagarMatha /
Chomolungma		 8,848[7] 29,028 Mahalangur Himalaya Nepal / Tibet 27°59′17″N 86°55′31″E / 27.98806, 86.92528 8,848 none 1953 145 (121)
2 K2 8,611 28,251 Baltoro Karakoram Pakistan / Sinkiang 35°52′57″N 76°30′48″E / 35.8825, 76.51333 4,017 Mount Everest 1954 45 (44)
3 Kangchenjunga 8,586 28,169 Kangchenjunga Himalaya Nepal / India 27°42′09″N 88°08′49″E / 27.7025, 88.14694 3,922 Mount Everest 1955 38 (24)
4 Lhotse 8,516 27,940 Mahalangur Himalaya Nepal / Tibet 27°57′42″N 86°55′59″E / 27.96167, 86.93306 610 Mount Everest 1956 26 (26)
5 Makalu 8,485 27,838 Mahalangur Himalaya Nepal / Tibet 27°53′21″N 87°05′19″E / 27.88917, 87.08861 2,386 Mount Everest (Lhotse) 1955 45 (52)
6 Cho Oyu 8,188 26,864 Mahalangur Himalaya Nepal / Tibet 28°05′39″N 86°39′39″E / 28.09417, 86.66083 2,340 Mount Everest 1954 79 (28)
7 Dhaulagiri 8,167 26,795 Dhaulagiri Himalaya Nepal 28°41′45″N 83°29′36″E / 28.69583, 83.49333 3,357 Mount Everest 1960 51 (39)
8 Manaslu 8,163 26,781 Manaslu Himalaya Nepal 28°32′58″N 84°33′39″E / 28.54944, 84.56083 3,092 Cho Oyu 1956 49 (45)
9 Nanga Parbat 8,125 26,657 Nanga Parbat Himalaya Pakistan 35°14′18″N 74°35′22″E / 35.23833, 74.58944 4,608 Dhaulagiri 1953 52 (67)
10 Annapurna I 8,091 26,545 Annapurna Himalaya Nepal 28°35′43″N 83°49′11″E / 28.59528, 83.81972 2,984 Cho Oyu 1950 36 (47)
11 Gasherbrum I 8,080 26,509 Baltoro Karakoram Pakistan / Sinkiang 35°43′27″N 76°41′44″E / 35.72417, 76.69556 2,155 K2 1958 31 (16)
12 Broad Peak 8,051 26,414 Baltoro Karakoram Pakistan / Sinkiang 35°48′38″N 76°34′05″E / 35.81056, 76.56806 1,701 Gasherbrum I 1957 39 (19)
13 Gasherbrum II 8,034 26,362 Baltoro Karakoram Pakistan / Sinkiang 35°45′27″N 76°39′11″E / 35.7575, 76.65306 1,523 Gasherbrum I 1956 54 (12)
14 Shishapangma 8,027 26,335 Langtang Himalaya Tibet 28°21′12″N 85°46′43″E / 28.35333, 85.77861 2,897 Cho Oyu 1964 43 (19)
15 Gyachung Kang 7,952 26,089 Mahalangur Himalaya Nepal / Tibet 28°05′52″N 86°44′47″E / 28.09778, 86.74639 700 Cho Oyu 1964 5 (3)

Gasherbrum III 7,946 26,070 Baltoro Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°45′34″N 76°38′31″E / 35.75944, 76.64194 355 Gasherbrum II 1975 2 (2)
16 Annapurna II 7,937 26,040 Annapurna Himalaya Nepal 28°32′03″N 84°07′20″E / 28.53417, 84.12222 2,437 Annapurna I 1960 6 (19)
17 Gasherbrum IV 7,932 26,024 Baltoro Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°45′33″N 76°36′57″E / 35.75917, 76.61583 715 Gasherbrum III 1958 4 (11)
18 Himalchuli 7,893 25,896 Manaslu Himalaya Nepal 28°26′07″N 84°38′24″E / 28.43528, 84.64 1,633 Manaslu 1960 6 (12)
19 Distaghil Sar 7,884 25,866 Hispar Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°19′33″N 75°11′18″E / 36.32583, 75.18833 2,525 K2 1960 3 (5)
20 Ngadi Chuli 7,871 25,823 Manaslu Himalaya Nepal 28°30′12″N 84°34′03″E / 28.50333, 84.5675 1,020 Manaslu 1970 2 (6)

Nuptse 7,864 25,801 Mahalangur Himalaya Nepal 27°58′02″N 86°53′10″E / 27.96722, 86.88611 319 Lhotse 1961 5 (12)
21 Khunyang Chhish 7,823 25,666 Hispar Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°12′19″N 75°12′28″E / 36.20528, 75.20778 1,765 Distaghil Sar 1971 2 (6)
22 Masherbrum 7,821 25,659 Masherbrum Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°38′28″N 76°18′21″E / 35.64111, 76.30583 2,457 Gasherbrum I 1960 4 (9)
23 Nanda Devi 7,816 25,643 Kumaon Himalaya India 30°22′36″N 79°58′15″E / 30.37667, 79.97083 3,139 Dhaulagiri 1936 14 (12)
24 Chomo Lonzo 7,804 25,604 Mahalangur Himalaya Tibet 27°55′48″N 87°06′29″E / 27.93, 87.10806 590 Makalu 1954 3 (1)
25 Batura Sar 7,795 25,574 Batura Karakoram Pakistan 36°30′36″N 74°31′27″E / 36.51, 74.52417 3,118 Distaghil Sar 1976 4 (6)
26 Kanjut Sar 7,790 25,558 Hispar Karakoram Pakistan 36°12′18″N 75°25′04″E / 36.205, 75.41778 1,690 Khunyang Chhish 1959 2 (1)
27 Rakaposhi 7,788 25,551 Rakaposhi-Haramosh Karakoram Pakistan 36°08′33″N 74°29′21″E / 36.1425, 74.48917 2,818 Khunyang Chhish 1958 8 (13)
28 Namcha Barwa 7,782 25,531 Assam Himalaya Tibet 29°37′50″N 95°03′19″E / 29.63056, 95.05528 4,106 Kangchenjunga 1992 1 (2)
29 Kamet 7,756 25,446 Garhwal Himalaya India 30°55′12″N 79°35′30″E / 30.92, 79.59167 2,825 Nanda Devi 1931 23 (14)
30 Dhaulagiri II 7,751 25,430 Dhaulagiri Himalaya Nepal 28°45′46″N 83°23′14″E / 28.76278, 83.38722 2,396 Dhaulagiri 1971 4 (11)
31 Saltoro Kangri 7,742 25,400 Saltoro Karakoram Kashmir 35°23′57″N 76°50′51″E / 35.39917, 76.8475 2,160 Gasherbrum I 1962 2 (1)
32 Jannu 7,711 25,299 Kangchenjunga Himalaya Nepal 27°40′54″N 88°02′36″E / 27.68167, 88.04333 1,036 Kangchenjunga 1962 17 (12)
33 Tirich Mir 7,708 25,289 Hindu Kush Pakistan 36°15′19″N 71°50′30″E / 36.25528, 71.84167 3,910 Batura Sar 1950 20 (11)

Molamenqing 7,703 25,272 Langtang Himalaya Tibet 28°21′17″N 85°48′39″E / 28.35472, 85.81083 430 Shishapangma 1981 1 (0)
34 Gurla Mandhata 7,694 25,243 Nalakankar Himalaya Tibet 30°26′17″N 81°17′53″E / 30.43806, 81.29806 2,788 Dhaulagiri 1985 6 (4)
35 Saser Kangri I 7,672 25,171 Saser Karakoram Kashmir (India) 34°52′00″N 77°45′09″E / 34.866667, 77.7525 2,304 Gasherbrum I 1973 6 (4)
36 Chogolisa 7,665 25,148 Masherbrum Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°36′42″N 76°34′18″E / 35.61167, 76.57167 1,624 Masherbrum 1975 4 (2)

Dhaulagiri IV 7,661 25,135 Dhaulagiri Himalaya Nepal 28°44′09″N 83°18′55″E / 28.73583, 83.31528 469 Dhaulagiri II 1975 2 (10)
37 Kongur Tagh 7,649 25,095 Kongur Shan Kunlun Sinkiang 38°35′36″N 75°18′48″E / 38.59333, 75.31333 3,585 Distaghil Sar 1981 2 (4)

Dhaulagiri V 7,618 24,993 Dhaulagiri Himalaya Nepal 28°44′02″N 83°21′41″E / 28.73389, 83.36139 340 Dhaulagiri IV 1975 2 (3)
38 Shispare 7,611 24,970 Batura Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°26′26″N 74°40′51″E / 36.44056, 74.68083 1,240 Batura Sar 1974 3 (1)
39 Trivor 7,577 24,859 Hispar Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°17′15″N 75°05′10″E / 36.2875, 75.08611 980 Distaghil Sar 1960 2 (5)
40 Gangkhar Puensum 7,570 24,836 Kula Kangri Himalaya Bhutan / Tibet 28°02′48″N 90°27′21″E / 28.04667, 90.45583 2,995 Kangchenjunga unclimbed 0 (3)
41 Minya Konka 7,556 24,790 Daxue Shan Sichuan 29°35′43″N 101°52′47″E / 29.59528, 101.87972 3,642 Everest 1932 6 (7)
42 Annapurna III 7,555 24,787 Annapurna Himalaya Nepal 28°35′05″N 83°59′28″E / 28.58472, 83.99111 703 Annapurna I 1961 10 (17)
43 Muztagh Ata 7,546 24,757 Muztagata Kunlun Sinkiang 38°16′42″N 75°06′57″E / 38.27833, 75.11583 2,735 Kongur Tagh 1956 many
44 Skyang Kangri 7,545 24,754 Baltoro Karakoram Pakistan / Sinkiang 35°55′35″N 76°34′03″E / 35.92639, 76.5675 1,085 K2 1976 1 (2)
45 Changtse 7,543 24,747 Mahalangur Himalaya Tibet 28°01′29″N 86°54′31″E / 28.02472, 86.90861 520 Mount Everest 1982 9 (9)
46 Kula Kangri 7,538 24,731 Kula Kangri Himalaya Tibet 28°13′34″N 90°36′54″E / 28.22611, 90.615 1,650 Gangkhar Puensum 1986 3 (2)
47 Kongur Tiube 7,530 24,705 Kongur Shan Kunlun Sinkiang 38°36′59″N 75°11′55″E / 38.61639, 75.19861 840 Kongur Tagh 1956 2 (3)
48 Mamostong Kangri 7,516 24,659 Rimo Karakoram Kashmir (India) 35°08′27″N 77°34′39″E / 35.14083, 77.5775 1,803 Gasherbrum I 1984 5 (0)
49 Saser Kangri II E 7,513 24,649 Saser Karakoram Kashmir (India) 34°48′15″N 77°48′18″E / 34.80417, 77.805 1,450 Saser Kangri I unclimbed 0 (0)[8]
50 Ismail Samani Peak 7,495 24,590 Pamir (Akademiya Nauk Range) Tajikistan 38°56′32″N 72°00′57″E / 38.94222, 72.01583 3,402 Muztagh Ata 1933
51 Saser Kangri III 7,495 24,590 Saser Karakoram Kashmir (India) 34°50′44″N 77°47′06″E / 34.84556, 77.785 850 Saser Kangri I 1986 1 (0)
52 Noshaq 7,492 24,580 Hindu Kush Afghanistan / Pakistan 36°26′00″N 71°49′40″E / 36.433333, 71.82778 2,024 Tirich Mir 1960 33 (3)
53 Pumari Chhish 7,492 24,580 Hispar Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°12′40″N 75°15′10″E / 36.21111, 75.25278 890 Khunyang Chhish 1979 1 (2)
54 Pasu Sar 7,476 24,528 Batura Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°29′16″N 74°35′16″E / 36.48778, 74.58778 645 Batura Sar 1994 1 (0)
55 Yukshin Gardan Sar 7,469 24,505 Hispar Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°15′00″N 75°22′30″E / 36.25, 75.375 1,313 Pumari Chhish 1984 4 (1)
56 Teram Kangri I 7,462 24,482 Siachen Karakoram Kashmir 35°34′48″N 77°04′42″E / 35.58, 77.07833 1,702 Gasherbrum I 1975 2 (0)
57 Jongsong Peak 7,462 24,482 Kangchenjunga Himalaya Nepal / Tibet / India 27°52′52″N 88°08′05″E / 27.88111, 88.13472 1,298 Kangchenjunga 1930 2 (3)
58 Malubiting 7,458 24,469 Rakaposhi-Haramosh Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°00′12″N 74°52′31″E / 36.00333, 74.87528 2,193 Rakaposhi 1971 2 (6)
59 Gangapurna 7,455 24,459 Annapurna Himalaya Nepal 28°36′17″N 83°57′51″E / 28.60472, 83.96417 563 Annapurna III 1965 8 (13)
60 Peak Jengish Chokusu 7,439 24,406 Tien Shan Kyrgyzstan / Sinkiang 42°02′06″N 80°07′32″E / 42.035, 80.12556 4,148 Ismail Samani Peak 1938
61 K12 7,428 24,370 Saltoro Karakoram Kashmir 35°17′42″N 77°01′18″E / 35.295, 77.02167 1,978 Saltoro Kangri 1974 4 (2)
62 Yangra (Ganesh I) 7,422 24,350 Ganesh Himalaya Nepal / Tibet 28°23′28″N 85°07′38″E / 28.39111, 85.12722 2,352 Manaslu 1955 1 (6)
63 Sia Kangri 7,422 24,350 Siachen Karakoram Kashmir 35°39′48″N 76°45′45″E / 35.66333, 76.7625 640 Gasherbrum I 1934 6 (0)
64 Momhil Sar 7,414 24,324 Hispar Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°19′04″N 75°02′11″E / 36.31778, 75.03639 980 Trivor 1964 2 (6)
65 Kabru N 7,412 24,318 Kangchenjunga Himalaya Nepal / India 27°38′02″N 88°07′00″E / 27.63389, 88.116667 780 Kangchenjunga 1994 1 (2)[9]
66 Skil Brum 7,410 24,311 Baltoro Karakoram Pakistan / Sinkiang 35°51′03″N 76°25′45″E / 35.85083, 76.42917 1,152 K2 1957 2 (1)
67 Haramosh 7,409 24,308 Rakaposhi Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°50′24″N 74°53′51″E / 35.84, 74.8975 2,277 Malubiting 1958 4 (3)
68 Istor-o-Nal 7,403 24,288 Hindu Kush Pakistan 36°22′35″N 71°53′55″E / 36.37639, 71.89861 1,040 Noshaq 1969 4 (5)
69 Ghent Kangri 7,401 24,281 Saltoro Karakoram Kashmir 35°31′03″N 76°48′01″E / 35.5175, 76.80028 1,493 Saltoro Kangri 1961 4 (0)
70 Ultar Sar 7,388 24,239 Batura Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°23′54″N 74°42′32″E / 36.39833, 74.70889 700 Shispare 1996 2 (5)
71 Rimo I 7,385 24,229 Rimo Karakoram Kashmir 35°21′21″N 77°22′05″E / 35.35583, 77.36806 1,438 Teram Kangri I 1988 1 (3)
72 Churen Himal 7,385 24,229 Dhaulagiri Himalaya Nepal 28°44′06″N 83°12′58″E / 28.735, 83.21611 600 Dhaulagiri IV 1970 3 (0)
73 Teram Kangri III 7,382 24,219 Siachen Karakoram Kashmir 35°35′59″N 77°02′53″E / 35.59972, 77.04806 520 Teram Kangri I 1979 1 (0)
74 Sherpi Kangri 7,380 24,213 Saltoro Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°27′58″N 76°46′53″E / 35.46611, 76.78139 1,000 Ghent Kangri 1976 1 (1)
75 Labuche Kang 7,367 24,170 Labuche Himalaya Tibet 28°18′15″N 86°21′03″E / 28.30417, 86.35083 1,957 Cho Oyu 1987 1 (0)
76 Kirat Chuli 7,362 24,153 Kangchenjunga Himalaya Nepal / India 27°47′13″N 88°11′40″E / 27.78694, 88.19444 1,168 Kangchenjunga 1939 1 (6)

Abi Gamin 7,355 24,131 Garhwal Himalaya India / Tibet 30°55′57″N 79°36′09″E / 30.9325, 79.6025 217 Kamet 1950 17 (2)
77 Nangpai Gosum 7,350 24,114 Mahalangur Himalaya Nepal / Tibet 28°04′20″N 86°36′52″E / 28.07222, 86.61444 500 Cho Oyu 1996 3 (1)

Gimmigela (The Twins) 7,350 24,114 Kangchenjunga Himalaya Nepal / India 27°44′24″N 88°09′28″E / 27.74, 88.15778 432 Kangchenjunga 1994 3 (1)
78 Saraghrar 7,349 24,111 Hindu Kush Pakistan 36°32′51″N 72°06′54″E / 36.5475, 72.115 1,979 Noshaq 1959 2 (3)
79 Chamlang 7,321 24,019 Mahalangur Himalaya Nepal 27°46′30″N 86°58′47″E / 27.775, 86.97972 1,240 Lhotse 1961 7 (1)
80 Chomolhari[10] 7,315 24,000 Chomolhari Himalaya Bhutan / Tibet 27°49′37″N 89°16′28″E / 27.82694, 89.27444 2,065 Gangkhar Puensum 1937 4 (0)
81 Chongtar 7,315 23,999 Baltoro Karakoram Kashmir (Sinkiang) 35°54′46″N 76°25′47″E / 35.91278, 76.42972 1,300 Skil Brum 1994 1 (1)
82 Baltoro Kangri 7,312 23,990 Masherbrum Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°38′21″N 76°40′24″E / 35.63917, 76.67333 1,200 Chogolisa 1976 1 (0)
83 Siguang Ri 7,309 23,980 Mahalangur Himalaya Tibet 28°08′49″N 86°41′06″E / 28.14694, 86.685 650 Cho Oyu 1989 2 (1)
84 The Crown 7,295 23,934 Yengisogat Karakoram Kashmir (Sinkiang) 36°06′22″N 76°12′26″E / 36.10611, 76.20722 1,919 Skil Brum (K2) 1993 1 (3)
85 Gyala Peri 7,294 23,930 Assam Himalaya Tibet 29°48′47″N 94°58′03″E / 29.81306, 94.9675 2,942 Mount Everest 1986 1 (0)
86 Porong Ri 7,292 23,924 Langtang Himalaya Tibet 28°23′22″N 85°43′17″E / 28.38944, 85.72139 520 Shisha Pangma 1982 5 (0)
87 Baintha Brakk (The Ogre) 7,285 23,901 Panmah Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°56′51″N 75°45′12″E / 35.9475, 75.75333 1,891 Kanjut Sar 1977 3 (13)
88 Yutmaru Sar 7,283 23,894 Hispar Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°13′40″N 75°22′05″E / 36.22778, 75.36806 620 Yukshin Gardan Sar 1980 1 (1)
89 Baltistan Peak (K6) 7,282 23,891 Masherbrum Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°25′06″N 76°33′08″E / 35.41833, 76.55222 1,962 Chogolisa 1970 1 (3)
90 Kangpenqing 7,281 23,888 Baiku Himalaya Tibet 28°33′03″N 85°32′44″E / 28.55083, 85.54556 1,340 Shisha Pangma 1982 1 (1)
91 Muztagh Tower 7,276 23,871 Baltoro Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 35°49′38″N 76°21′39″E / 35.82722, 76.36083 1,710 Skil Brum 1956 4 (2)
92 Mana 7,272 23,858 Garhwal Himalaya India 30°52′51″N 79°36′56″E / 30.88083, 79.61556 730 Kamet 1937 7 (3)

Dhaulagiri VI 7,268 23,845 Dhaulagiri Himalaya Nepal 28°42′29″N 83°16′21″E / 28.70806, 83.2725 485 Dhaulagiri IV 1970 5 (0)
93 Diran 7,266 23,839 Rakaposhi-Haramosh Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°07′19″N 74°39′40″E / 36.12194, 74.66111 1,325 Malubiting 1968 12 (8)
94 Labuche Kang III / East[11] 7,250 23,786 Labuche Himalaya Tibet 28°18′01″N 86°23′03″E / 28.30028, 86.38417 570 Labuche Kang unclimbed 0 (0)
95 Putha Hiunchuli 7,246 23,773 Dhaulagiri Himalaya Nepal 28°44′50″N 83°08′55″E / 28.74722, 83.14861 1,151 Churen Himal 1954 11 (5)
96 Apsarasas Kangri 7,245 23,770 Siachen Karakoram Kashmir 35°32′20″N 77°08′59″E / 35.53889, 77.14972 635 Teram Kangri I 1976 2 (0)
97 Mukut Parbat 7,242 23,760 Garhwal Himalaya India / Tibet 30°57′01″N 79°34′07″E / 30.95028, 79.56861 840 Kamet 1951 2 (1)
98 Rimo III 7,233 23,730 Rimo Karakoram Kashmir 35°22′29″N 77°21′42″E / 35.37472, 77.36167 615 Rimo I 1985 1 (0)
99 Langtang Lirung 7,227 23,711 Langtang Himalaya Nepal 28°15′20″N 85°31′02″E / 28.25556, 85.51722 1,525 Shisha Pangma 1978 14 (13)
100 Karjiang 7,221 23,691 Kula Kangri Himalaya Tibet 28°15′31″N 90°38′43″E / 28.25861, 90.64528 880 Kula Kangri unclimbed 0 (2)
101 Annapurna Dakshin 7,219 23,684 Annapurna Himalaya Nepal 28°31′04″N 83°48′27″E / 28.51778, 83.8075 775 Annapurna 1964 10 (16)
102 Khartaphu 7,213 23,665 Mahalangur Himalaya Tibet 28°03′45″N 86°58′39″E / 28.0625, 86.9775 712 Mount Everest 1935 1 (0)
103 Tongshanjiabu[12] 7,207 23,645 Lunana Himalaya Bhutan (/Tibet) 28°11′12″N 89°57′27″E / 28.18667, 89.9575 1,757 Gangkar Puensum unclimbed 0 (0)
104 Malangutti Sar 7,207 23,645 Hispar Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°21′51″N 75°08′52″E / 36.36417, 75.14778 515 Distaghil Sar 1985 1 (0)
105 Norin Kang 7,206 23,642 Nagarze Himalaya Tibet 28°56′48″N 90°10′42″E / 28.94667, 90.17833 2,160 Tongshanjiabu 1986 4 (1)
106 Langtang Ri 7,205 23,638 Langtang Himalaya Nepal / Tibet 28°22′53″N 85°41′01″E / 28.38139, 85.68361 650 Porong Ri 1981 4 (0)
107 Kangphu Kang 7,204 23,635 Lunana Himalaya Bhutan (/Tibet) 28°09′18″N 90°03′45″E / 28.155, 90.0625 1,200 Tongshanjiabu 2002 1 (0)
108 Singhi Kangri 7,202 23,629 Siachen Karakoram Kashmir 35°35′56″N 76°58′58″E / 35.59889, 76.98278 790 Teram Kangri III 1976 2 (0)
109 Lupghar Sar 7,200 23,622 Hispar Karakoram Kashmir (Pakistan) 36°20′54″N 75°01′33″E / 36.34833, 75.02583 730 Momhil Sar 1979 1 (0)

Stem and leaf plot

The following is a stem and leaf plot of the above data. Each digit to the right of the line represents one of the hundred mountains, you can see from the plot that there are only 5 mountains above 8,200 meters. Heights are given in tens of meters, and each height is rounded down to the nearest ten meters so e.g. 88|4 represents Everest at a height of 8,848 meters, while in the line 80| 98532, each digit to the right represents one of five mountains which reach between 8,000 and 8,099 meters.

88 | 4
87 |
86 | 1
85 | 81
84 | 8
83 |
82 |
81 | 8662
80 | 98532
79 | 5433
78 | 98762210
77 | 9988554100
76 | 9766411
75 | 77554443311
74 | 99997666553222111000
73 | 8888866555421110
72 | 999888877665444322110000000

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ For Nepal, the heights indicated on the Nepal Topographic Maps are followed. For China and the Baltoro Karakoram, the heights are those of "The Maps of Snow Mountains in China". For the Hispar Karakoram the heights on a Russian 1:100,000 topo map [1] seem to be more accurate than the customarily quoted heights probably based on US army maps from the 50s [2]. Elsewhere, unless otherwise indicated, heights are those in Jill Neate's "High Asia".
  2. ^ This field is complicated by border line disputes. Mountains indicated to be on the Pakistan-Sinkiang border are all in the Kashmir region. Those indicated by "Kashmir" only are in the Siachen glacier area claimed by both Pakistan and India. The Bhutan / Tibet border is also disputed.
  3. ^ The region is beautifully covered by Terraserver.com and Google Maps Satellite imagery. Coordinates were established by comparing topographical maps with these satellite images.
  4. ^ The prominence data were extracted from a combination of maps and computer aided analysis of NASA's 3" SRTM data. Prominences over 1,450 m were copied from this website.
  5. ^ Here defined as the first higher mountain beyond the key saddle with 500 m prominence itself.
  6. ^ The number of ascents and failed attempts up to 2004 is extracted from the Alpine Club Himalayan index. These are the number of expeditions (not individuals) that announced their ascent or attempt in a journal. They are probably quite accurate for the rarely climbed peaks (though omissions were noted), but greatly underestimate the number of ascending parties on the easier and/or more popular mountains, like most eight-thousanders. For instance, Mt Everest has been scaled 2,251 times by individuals up to 2004 [3].
  7. ^ Given the large differences between multiple "final" measurements of Mt Everest, the traditional 8,848 m is listed.
  8. ^ The highest (Eastern) summit of Saser Kangri II has not yet been climbed or attempted. The lower West peak, 2.5 km away, has been climbed in 1984 and twice since.
  9. ^ According to the 1996 Himalayan Journal (pp.29-36), the highest point of the Kabru massif (the North summit) was climbed by an Indian Army team in May 1994
  10. ^ Chomolhari may be considerably lower than the official 7,315 m, which corresponds to exactly 24,000 ft [4].
  11. ^ The height is unknown, but over 7,200 meters on both Chinese and Russian maps of the area.
  12. ^ The name and information about this summit was extracted from the May 2003 edition of Japanese Alpine News.

See also

External links

[edit] Sources

  • "High Asia: An Illustrated History of the 7,000 Metre Peaks" by Jill Neate (Mountaineers Books 1990)
  • "The Maps of Snow Mountains in China" by Mi Desheng (Chinese Academy of Science, 1990s)
  • "Nepal Topographic Maps" by the Finnish Meteorological Inst. (Nepalese Survey Dept., 1990s)
  • Soviet military 1:100,000 topographic maps (most from 1980-1981)
  • The "High Mountain Info" section of the "High Mountain Sports Magazine" (1990-2005) (now Climb Magazine)
  • Some other topographic maps and much from the external links listed above.
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